Coffee had a very interesting evolution over time. The main type of coffee, arabica coffee (Coffea arabica), originating in Ethiopia (native name is Bunn), migrated to South America, Brazil, Colombia and other countries in the parallel of 25 degrees north and 30 degrees to the South. Originally, coffee beans imported from Ethiopia to Yemen. A legend tells of Yemeni traditional ash-Shaikh Shadhili holy man, a Yemeni Sufi, who while traveling through Ethiopia goats observed unusually healthy and lively. Curious, he tasted the beans they ate, and felt a similar effect. Another myth, as the discoverer calls it an Ethiopian goat herder named Kaldi.
Most likely, the word coffee comes from the name of the place of origin, Kaffa in Ethiopia. This word has many forms, very similar: qahwa in Arabic, in Turkish kahveh, caffè in Italian, French coffee, coffee in English, Romanian linmba reaching coffee.
Coffee consumption has been outlawed in Mecca in 1511, and in Cairo next year, but this decision was withdrawn in protest from the population. After that, the first cafe in Istanbul was opened in 1554.
Coffee was introduced in England in 1430 by a Greek professor at Oxford, Ioannis Servopoulos, and hence continued along the route to popularity today. Certainly have to thank the British and Dutch companies for this drink because of them became available in Europe in the sixteenth century. The first European cafes were opened only in the middle of the seventeenth century in London (1652), Boston (1670) and Paris in 1671. As a measure of the popularity of coffee, these places have experienced impressive growth: in 1675, there were over 3000 in England only.
Legend says the first store opened in Central Europe in Vienna in 1683, after the Battle of Vienna, the Turks defeated with that provider. Another story more credible, placing first cafes in Krakow XVI or XVII century, due to closer ties with the East, especially Turkey.
The first coffee plantation in the New World was founded in Brazil in 1727, the country relies mainly on African slaves.
The success of coffee in seventeenth century Europe was paralleled by a massive spread of the habit of smoking tobacco in the 30 Years War (1618-1648).
Arabic coffee plant mother for most of the world is kept in Amsterdam.
Eighteenth-century coffee powder, but became popular only in 1901, when instant coffee was presented by Satori Kato in Buffalo Pan American Exposition. This type of coffee was marketed under the name of Nescafé in 1939.
Decaffeination process was developed by Dr. Dr. Ludwig Roselius of Bremen. Caffeine is removed by water or solvents such as ethyl acetate.
Like wine, coffee has its tasters, professionals who can detect many nuances and flavors that usually go unnoticed by ordinary people.
Types of Coffee
The best coffee is grown at an altitude around 1000 meters. Due to height, flavors developed in coffee berries (containing seeds) are more elegant and complex.
The fruit is gathered manually from trees that have both flowers and green fruits and ripe at the same time. Outer pulp and skin are removed and to get two beans are then cleaned, dried, weighed and inspected carefully. Berries have a range of colors that go from pale green and dark yellow when raw. Transportation is in this state, roasting, mixing and shredding is done on purpose. The most common varieties of mixtures are C.robusta and C.arabica.
Arabica coffee is a variety of coffee blends as used for refined connoisseurs. Beans are very flavorful and have a special taste.
Robusta coffee is poorer and uglier sister of Arabic coffee. This is rarely sold as such, it is mixed with cheap instant coffee. Robusta has twice the amount of caffeine greater than arabica coffee.
Other types of coffee:
American coffee – medium roast beans, resulting in a balanced broth, neither too low nor too high in flavor.
French coffee – beans are well fried and turns a deep and dark chocolate. Since they make a strong coffee
Italian coffee – beans shiny, brownish-black, used for espresso.
European coffee – two thirds well fried beans mixed with normal third roasts. Viennese coffee has reverse scale.
Instant coffee – a powder made from freshly made coffee, dehydrated in heat
Cooking with coffee
Coffee flavor gives a distinct taste desserts and meat dishes, it strengthens the flavor of meat without too strong taste of coffee.
How to store coffee
Coffee quickly lose their flavor, whether in the form of whole or ground beans. Whole roasted beans should be stored in sealed containers, in cool with low humidity. If you want to keep them a long time, put them in vacuum containers and freeze them up to three months. Freshly ground coffee can be stored in a refrigerator, all in a sealed container.
If it is possible to get excellent coffee, ground beans every day as ground coffee loses its aroma after only two days.
Hong Kong International Airport in China has occupied for seven years, first place among the best airports in the world.
Extremely busy, efficient and equipped with all necessary amenities to passengers, airport island of Chek Lap Kok is one of the only five-star obtained from Skytrax. The terminal 2 you can enjoy 4D cinema, exhibitions on Chinese film history, boxing trainers, skiing, hunting or racing cars and an area for PlayStation fans. Airport has developed a special program that reduces the waiting time at customs.
Kansai – Japan
One of the most spectacular airports is, without doubt, Kansai, Japan. Located on an artificial island in the middle of Osaka, this is the only airport that can be seen from space.
Vancouver – Canada
